India Across the Ages |
South India |
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North India |
Punjab Sindhu Gujarata Maratha Dravida Utkala Vanga Vindhya Himachal Yamuna
Ganga |
Punjab Sindhu Gujarata Maratha Dravida Utkala Vanga Vindhya Himachal Yamuna
Ganga |
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3300 |
Indus Valley: Ravi
Phase Bronze Age |
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Late Indo-European (IE)
people Kurgan (Pit Grave) Culture |
Legends |
3200 |
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RED: World Heritage Site |
3100 |
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Indo-European Language |
BLUE: Art, Literature, Science, Religion or Socio-Cultural
Renaissance |
3000 |
Mohenjodaro City |
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GOLDEN: Emergence of Pan-India or Golden Age |
2900 |
Long Distance Voyage with
Mesopotamia |
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2800 |
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Indo-Iranian (IIr.) people
Separated from IE (Hut Grave) |
2700s:
Beginning of Dynasty/Age marked in RED bar |
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2700s: Beginning of
Dynasty/Age marked in BLUE bar |
2700 |
City States (Sumer) , Old
Kingdom (Egypt) & Elam (Iran) |
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2600s:
Beginning of Dynasty/Age marked in GREEN bar |
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2600: Important Highlights
of same Dynasty marked in BLUE |
2600 |
Mature Harappan Phase |
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2500s:
Important Highlights of same Dynasty marked in GREEN |
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2500s: Beginning of
Dynasty/Age marked in VIOLET bar |
2500 |
Elamo-Dravidian Language |
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Centum-Satem division
complete IIr. a Satem language |
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2400 |
First dock at Lothal |
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2300 |
Prominence of Babylon |
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2200 |
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Non IIr. BMAC in Central
Asia & IIr. Andronovo Culture |
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2100 |
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2000 |
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Indo-Aryan & Iranian
breakup (The Aryan Trail) |
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1900 |
Prominence of Ashur
(Assyria) |
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Early Andronovo people in
BMAC |
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1800 |
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Later Andronovo people in
BMAC |
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1700 |
Decline of Indus Valley Spreading of Natives India-wide |
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Aryan migration to Swat
& Syria Decline of BMAC |
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1600 |
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Remnants of Indo-Aryans in
Gandhara Graves |
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1500 |
Start of Aryan/Vedic
Age Earliest
Vedas: Rig Veda |
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Ochre Colored Pottery
Culture |
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1400 |
Origin of Indian Music |
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1300 |
Probable Mahabharata War |
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1200 |
Settlements outside Punjab
Prominence of Kuru Kingdom |
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Black & Red Ware
Culture |
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1100 |
Atharva
Veda mentions Iron Beginning of Iron Age |
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1000 |
Eastward expansion of Aryans
Use of Iron: Impact of Plough |
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900 |
Prominence of Panchala |
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Painted Grey Ware Culture |
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800 |
Kasi, Kosala & Videha |
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700 |
Earliest Upanishad |
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Age of 16
Mahajanapadas Democratic
Republican States |
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600 |
Mahabharata, Ramayana
Panini's Sanskrit Grammer |
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Silver coins: Magadha &
Kosala |
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500 |
Mahavira: Rise of Jainism
Gautam: Rise of Buddhism |
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University of Taxila Bimbisar: 1st
Historical King |
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400 |
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Magadha: New center of power
Prominence of Pataliputra |
Sangama
Chera Dynasty |
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Sangama Chola Dynasty |
300 |
1st
Pan India Maurya Empire Chankya's
Arthashastra |
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Porus fights with
Alexander Rise of
Chandragupta-Chanakya |
Pallava
Dynasty |
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Sangama Pandya Dynasty Oldest Tamil
Grammer |
200 |
Kalinga
War: Ashoka's Rise Sachi, Bodhgaya Temples |
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Start of Satavahana Empire |
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100 |
End of Maurya Dynasty Rise of Sungas: Magadha |
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Ajanta
Cave Painting 1st
Phase |
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0 BC |
Vikramaditya of Malwa,
Avanti VikramSamvat Era: 57 BC |
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Invasion by
Sakas Ujjain: Prime Meridian of India |
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Ambassadors to Greek, Rome |
0 AD |
Kushan Empire: Kanishka Charak
in Kanishka's Court |
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Start of Western
Satraps(Sakas) Saka Era: 78 AD |
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100 |
Monasteries
at Takht-i-Bahi Gandhra Art Flourishes |
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Tamil Dark
Age: Kalabhras End of Tamil
Sangama Age |
200 |
Bamiyan Buddha |
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Vakataka
Dynasty |
Kadamba:
1st Kannada Rule |
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300 |
2nd
Pan India Gupta Empire Golden Age: Art/Science/Lit |
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400 |
Vikramaditya's Nava Ratna Nalanda
University |
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Ajanta
Cave Painting 2ndPhase |
Badami Chalukya Kingdom |
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500 |
Hun Invasion: Fall of
Guptas Brahmagupta Born |
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Pratihara: 1st Rajput
Kingdom Prominence of Kanauj |
Chalukyan
Architecture Pulakeshi II defeats
Harsha |
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Revival: Pallava Golden Age Mahabalipuram ShoreTemples |
600 |
Harshavardhana's Rule Attempt to unify North India |
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Kingdom covers
Central/North |
Temples
at Pattadakal |
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Adi Shankaracharya |
700 |
Democratic election of
Gopala Pala Empire: North/East |
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Defends 1st Mulsim attack |
Rashtrakuta Kingdom Kannada Literature flourishes |
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800 |
Origin of Bengali language Somapura Mahavihara |
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Conflict with Pala &
Rashtrakuta Kanauj Triange |
Elephanta/Ellora
Caves |
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900 |
Chandela
Rajput Kingdom: West/Central (Bundelkhand) |
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Rise of Chauhans,
Paramaras Rise of Solanki
(Gujarata) |
Western
Chalukya Kingdom |
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Chola
Golden Age: Rajaraja Great
Living Temples of Cholas |
1000 |
Khajurao
Monuments Chauhans: Ruler of Delhi |
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Eastern Ganga Dynasty
(Orissa) |
Bhaskaracharya |
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Hoysala gains prominence Temples of Belur/Halebidu |
1100 |
Rise & Fall of
Prithviraj Chauhan Md. Ghor ruler of Delhi |
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Kakatiya Kingdom: Andhra
Yadava Kingdom: Karnataka |
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Pandya Golden Period Jatavarman Sundara Pandya |
1200 |
Delhi Sultanate: Slave
Dynasty Qutb-ud-din-Aybak: Qutb Minar |
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Konark Sun Temple |
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Beginning of Vijaynagar
Empire Golden Age of Carnatic Music |
1300 |
Khilji & Tughlaq
Dynasti Amir Khusro's Music |
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Bengal Sultanate of
Pathans Krittibasi
Bengali Ramayana |
Bahamani Sultanate peaks
Breaks into 5 Deccan Sultanates |
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1400 |
Sayyid
& Lodi Dynasties Bhakti Cult: Kabir & Nanak |
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Semi Independent for
centuries Trade flourishes |
Prominence
of Deccan Sultanates Unitedly fight
Vijaynagar |
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Peak:
Krsihna Deva Raya Monuments at Hampi |
1500 |
Babur:
Mughal Empire starts Humayun: Humayun's Tomb |
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Akbar:
3rd Pan India Empire Nava Ratna, Fatehpur Sikri |
Falls
to Mughals gradually Shivaji takes
most of Bijapur |
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Falls to Bijapur
Sultanate Gradual independence of
Mysore |
1600 |
ShahJahan: TajMahal RedFort Shalimar Gardens, Thatta |
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Maratha Empire: Shivaji Mughals fight Shikhs/Marathas |
Mysore:
Rise of Hyder Ali/Tipu |
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Nizam of Hyderabad |
1700 |
Gradual Decline of Mughals |
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Maratha peaks under Peshwas |
Tipu/Mysore
falls to East India |
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Remains friendly to Company |
1750 |
Mirza
Ghalib Born |
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Battle of Plassey: Company
Rule |
Company consolidates in South |
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Wodeyar becomes Mysore King |
1800 |
Ranjit
Singh's Shikh Empire |
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Bengal Rennaissance |
British
Rule & Princely States |
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Remains friendly to British |
1850 |
Rise of Indian Nationalism |
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Sepoy Mutiny: British Rule |
India's
Independence |
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Nizam, Mysore join India |
1900 |
Gandhi's Nonviolence |
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India's Independence |
Congress
Rule & Emergency |
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Dravidian & Regional
Politics |
1950 |
Congress Rule &
Emergency |
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Terrorism, Green Revolution |
Mission to Moon |
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Path to economic super
power |
2000 |
Mission to Moon |
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Path to economic super
power |
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2050 |
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The intent of this Timeline is to highlight the
fact that there are much more than just fights and betrayals and devastations
in the 5000 years of history of the
Indian sub-continent. It unfurls the story of evolution of the all-inclusive,
tolerant, assimilative and dynamic Indian Culture and tradition. It speaks
about the extraordinary achievements of humanity over long periods of peace
and prosperity - something rarely seen anywhere else in the world. It speaks about the highs and lows, the
successes and failures - each of which played a vital role in shaping up the
Indian Culture. |
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Each dynasty
or period is marked with a vertical bar of a particular color. The length of
the bar is same as the duration for which the dynasty or period existed. The
beginning of any dynasty or period and the related important highlights in
different centuries are mentioned in an enclosure that encloses also the
associated bar representing the dynasty. For example the Maratha Empire
starting in 1600s and stretching till second half of 1700s is depicted by a
chocolate-brown bar. The important highlights like rise of Shivaji and the
fights with Mughals in 1600s and attaining its peak under the Peshwas in the
first half of 1700s are mentioned against the correct centuries in an
enclosure that encloses the chocolate-brown bar from top. The enclosure might
not neccessarily extend till the end of the dynasty if there is no important
event to highlight. |
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Created by Sudipto Das, Jan '09 |
Sudipto's Home |
History |
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